Sino Pakistan Relations during Zia Ul Haq's Era

Abstract

The era of General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (1977–1988) was a critical period in the history of Sino-Pakistan relations, marked by strategic, military, and economic cooperation. As Cold War tensions escalated, Pakistan played a pivotal role in regional geopolitics, strengthening its ties with China amidst evolving global dynamics. This study explores the nature of Sino-Pakistan relations during Zia’s tenure, highlighting key diplomatic engagements, economic collaborations, and defense partnerships. It also examines how external influences, particularly the roles of the United States, India, and the Soviet Union, shaped this bilateral relationship. By analyzing historical records, government policies, and strategic alignments, this paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the Sino-Pakistan alliance during one of Pakistan’s most turbulent political eras.