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Islamic Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence and Automation Ethics. Al-Asr International Research Journal of Islamic Studies, [S. l.], v. 5, n. 2, p. 1040–1053, 2025. DOI: 10.68696/alasr.258. Disponível em: https://al-asr.pk/index.php/alasr/article/view/258. Acesso em: 12 nov. 2026.

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Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: flock(): Argument #1 ($stream) must be of type resource, bool given in /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/LockableFile.php:153 Stack trace: #0 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/LockableFile.php(153): flock() #1 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/FileStore.php(111): Illuminate\Filesystem\LockableFile->getExclusiveLock() #2 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/FileLock.php(14): Illuminate\Cache\FileStore->add() #3 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Lock.php(91): Illuminate\Cache\FileLock->acquire() #4 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/CacheEventMutex.php(66): Illuminate\Cache\Lock->get() #5 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/ManagesAttributes.php(152): Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\CacheEventMutex->exists() #6 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php(36): Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Event->Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\{closure}() #7 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Util.php(43): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::Illuminate\Container\{closure}() #8 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php(83): Illuminate\Container\Util::unwrapIfClosure() #9 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php(35): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::callBoundMethod() #10 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php(696): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::call() #11 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Scheduling/Event.php(334): Illuminate\Container\Container->call() #12 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/classes/scheduledTask/ScheduleTaskRunner.php(65): Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Event->filtersPass() #13 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/classes/scheduledTask/PKPScheduler.php(152): PKP\scheduledTask\ScheduleTaskRunner->run() #14 /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/classes/core/ScheduleServiceProvider.php(88): PKP\scheduledTask\PKPScheduler->runWebBasedScheduleTaskRunner() #15 [internal function]: PKP\core\ScheduleServiceProvider->PKP\core\{closure}() #16 {main} thrown in /home/u244658281/domains/al-asr.pk/public_html/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/LockableFile.php on line 153